In October 2016, the Science|Business Network of universities, companies and innovation organisations gathered in Brussels to debate the future of EU R&D programmes. Possible directions of framework programme 2021 – 2027 are: Defence and security, Digital healthcare, Energy, Connected cars, Cross-sectoral themes, Bridging the gaps within and without Europe. For FP9, the next official steps include a report by a High Level Group of experts led by former World Trade Organisation chief Pascal Lamy by 30 June 2017, followed in early 2018 by the first formal Commission proposals. The actual legislation for FP9 will not be completed until 2020.